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Past performance is not indicative of future results. With all investments there is a risk of loss of all or a portion of the
amount invested. Where return estimates are shown, these are provided for illustrative purposes only and should not be
construed as a prediction of returns; actual returns may be higher or lower than those shown and may vary substantially,
especially over shorter time periods. It is not possible to invest directly in an index.
Some of the statements contained in this document may be considered forward-looking statements which provide current
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events may differ materially from those described in such forward-looking statements as a result of various factors. Before
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© RBC Global Asset Management Inc., 2021